thermodynamically

with regard to the branch of physical science that deals with the relations between heat and other forms of energy

The heat transfer in the system was analyzed thermodynamically, considering principles such as entropy and energy conservation.
The phase transition was explained thermodynamically, examining the changes in energy and entropy.
The refrigeration process was designed thermodynamically, optimizing energy transfer and cooling efficiency.
The efficiency of the engine was evaluated thermodynamically, assessing the conversion of heat into mechanical work.