to scratch
第三人称
scratches
现在进行时
scratching
过去式
scratched
过去完成时
scratched
1
刮, 划伤
to make small cuts or marks on a surface
及物动词
- The sharp rock accidentally scratched the surface of the car's paint.
锋利的岩石不小心刮伤了汽车油漆的表面。
- The puppy scratched the floor trying to bury its bone.
小狗试图埋骨头时抓了地板。
- She accidentally scratched her phone screen with her keys.
她不小心用钥匙划伤了手机屏幕。
- The cat scratched the upholstery of the sofa, leaving marks behind.
猫抓了沙发的装饰，留下了痕迹。
- Be careful not to scratch the glass when cleaning it with a rough cloth.
用粗糙的布清洁时，小心不要刮伤玻璃。
同义词：
2
挠, 抓痒
to rub a person's or one's own skin to relieve an itching sensation, particularly with one's fingernails
及物动词
- She had to scratch her mosquito bites to soothe the irritation.
她不得不抓挠蚊子叮咬处以缓解刺激。
- The cat sat contentedly, allowing the owner to scratch its chin.
猫满意地坐着，允许主人挠它的下巴。
- Unable to resist the itch, he began to scratch his arm where the insect had bitten.
无法抵抗痒感，他开始抓挠被昆虫咬过的手臂。
- The hiker stopped to scratch his leg where a plant had brushed against his skin.
徒步旅行者停下来挠他的腿，那里有植物擦过他的皮肤。
- Trying to focus on the task at hand, she couldn't help but scratch her head in concentration.
她试图专注于手头的任务，却忍不住在专注中挠头。
3
取消, 放弃
to cancel or abandon an undertaking or project
及物动词
- Due to budget constraints, they decided to scratch the plans for the new office building.
由于预算限制，他们决定取消新办公大楼的计划。
- The committee scratched the idea of hosting the conference this year and decided to revisit it in the future.
委员会取消了今年举办会议的想法，并决定将来重新考虑。
- The city council scratched the proposal for a new park in favor of allocating funds to improve existing facilities.
市议会取消了新建公园的提案，转而将资金用于改善现有设施。
- The entrepreneur scratched the idea of launching a new product line after conducting market research.
企业家在进行市场调查后放弃了推出新产品线的想法。
- The director chose to scratch the film project after realizing it wouldn't meet the audience's expectations.
导演在意识到这部电影项目无法满足观众的期望后，决定取消它。
4
刮, 擦
to scrape over a hard surface and make a grating noise
- The chair legs scratched against the tiled floor as she moved it across the kitchen.
当她将椅子移过厨房时，椅腿在瓷砖地板上刮擦。
- He winced as the fork scratched along the surface of the ceramic plate.
当叉子刮过陶瓷盘子的表面时，他皱了皱眉。
- She cringed as her nails scratched against the chalkboard while writing.
当她的指甲在写字时刮擦黑板时，她畏缩了。
- The rake scratched over the gravel driveway as he dragged it behind him.
当他拖着耙子时，它在碎石车道上刮擦。
- The wooden crate scratched against the concrete floor as it was dragged across the warehouse.
木箱在被拖过仓库时刮擦着混凝土地面。
5
刮, 刻
to create a mark or indentation on a surface using a sharp or pointed object
及物动词
- She scratched her initials into the wooden bench with a pocket knife.
她用一把小刀在木制长凳上刻下了自己的名字首字母。
- He scratched a message onto the stone wall using a piece of flint.
他用一块燧石在石墙上刮了一条信息。
- She scratched her name into the wet cement sidewalk before it dried.
她在水泥人行道未干之前刮上了自己的名字。
- He scratched a design onto the glass surface of the window using a diamond-tipped tool.
他用钻石尖端的工具在窗户的玻璃表面上刮出了一个设计。
- The child scratched patterns into the sand at the beach with a stick.
孩子用一根棍子在沙滩的沙子上划出了图案。
6
谋生, 挣扎
to earn money through labor, often involving difficult or unconventional methods
- After losing his job, he had to scratch to support his family, taking on any work he could find.
失业后，他不得不拼命工作来养家糊口，接受任何他能找到的工作。
- Despite the challenges, she scratched to provide for her children, taking on multiple part-time jobs.
尽管面临挑战，她还是拼命工作以供养孩子，承担了多份兼职工作。
- He scratched for years in the music industry before finally finding success with his band.
在最终与他的乐队取得成功之前，他在音乐行业里摸爬滚打了多年。
- She scratched, working long hours at the diner while pursuing her dream of becoming an actress.
她 scratching ，在追求成为演员的梦想的同时，在餐厅长时间工作。
- Despite the odds, they scratched, refusing to give up on their entrepreneurial endeavors.
尽管困难重重，他们还是刮擦，拒绝放弃他们的创业努力。
7
划掉, 擦除
to remove or eliminate something by erasing, or drawing a line through it
及物动词
- She scratched the wrong answer and filled in the correct one on the exam paper.
她划掉了错误的答案并在试卷上填写了正确的答案。
- The editor scratched the redundant paragraphs from the manuscript to improve clarity.
编辑划掉了手稿中多余的段落以提高清晰度。
- The teacher scratched the mistake from the whiteboard and corrected it.
老师从白板上擦掉了错误并进行了纠正。
- He scratched the appointment from his calendar after it was rescheduled.
在重新安排后，他从日历上划掉了那个约会。
- She scratched the address from the envelope and rewrote it more legibly.
她从信封上刮掉了地址，并更清晰地重写了一遍。
8
刮, 抓
to make a small, shallow mark or injury on the skin by rubbing something sharp or rough against it
及物动词
- She scratched her ankle while climbing over the fence.
她在爬过篱笆时刮伤了脚踝。
- The cat scratched me when I tried to pet it.
当我试图抚摸它时，猫抓伤了我。
- I scratched my leg on the rough pavement while jogging.
我在慢跑时被粗糙的路面刮伤了腿。
- She scratched her arm on the thorn bush while walking through the garden.
她在花园里散步时，手臂被荆棘丛刮伤了。